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PATENTED JAN. 19, 1904.

G. G. FRYBR.

TILE. APPLIGATION 31mm AUG.12, 1901.

N0 MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented January 19, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

TILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 749,786, dated January 19, 1904.

Application filed August 12, 1901. Serial No. 71,691. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE G. FRYER, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Tiles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to masonry conduits, and particularly to the construction of masonry conduits having curved cross-sectional formations, such conduits being designed for use as sewers andthe like.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a cheap and substantial construction of conduit which may be formed of a single thickness of tile or tiles arranged in a single endless row interfitted to one another to form a wall of substantially equal thickness at all points throughout its diameter which will present a substantially unbroken or uninterrupted surface; and a further object is to provide two sets of tiles of regular or commercial shapes the members of which are so matched that they can be assembled in an endless row of a single thickness to form the walls of conduits which may be of various curvedcross:

' sectional shapes, said walls presenting substantially uninterrupted faces irrespective of their particular cross-sectional form.

To this end theinvention consists in certain novel parts and combinations hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In describing this invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters refer to corresponding parts in both views.

Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of a conduit embodying my invention; and Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

The conduit, which may be used for a sewer.

or a similar purpose, shown in the accompanylng drawings is of substantially ovate shape in crosssect1on; but, as w1ll be appreciated when the invention is understood, this particular form is only a representative type of the many which may be constructed with the two sets of tiles hereinafter described in detail. The wall forming this conduit is constructed of two sets of tiles, (designated A B,) the members of which are alternately ar ranged, said members interfitting one another and forming when the parts are assembled an endless row of substantially equal thickness at all points in the diameter of the conduit, this row constituting the wall of the conduit. The exposed surfaces or faces of this wall are, as shown, substantially even or uninterrupted. Each tileA of the master set is of circular cross-sectional contour, while each interfitting tile B is of a thickness approximately equal to the diameter of the tiles of the master set and is provided with opposite corresponding flat faces 6, lying at'right angles to an imaginary line, which extends through the tiles B from the interior of the conduit when the tiles are assembled in a conduit structure,

and opposite corresponding concave sides 6, each concavity being equal to an arc of the periphery of one of the tiles A, and therefore having substantially the same radius as any part of said periphery.

In constructing a conduit with the two sets of tiles described the members A B are arranged alternately to one another, the mastertiles A spaced with their axes the same distances apart and the tiles B occupying the spaces between the peripheries of said master-tiles. As the tiles B are substantially the same thickness as the tiles A, the flat faces 6 of the latter extend tangentially from the exposed surfaces of the interfitting tiles A and form, with said exposed surfaces, substantially even or uninterrupted faces to the wall of the conduit.

As each concavity of the tiles B is equal to an arc of the periphery of each of the mastertiles A and conforms thereto in assembling the tiles in constructing a conduit, the tiles B may be adjusted about the peripheries of the tiles A to conform to the spacing or arrangement of the master-tiles, and thus walls with curves of various radii may be constructed by using only the two types of tiles. described and said walls will present practically smooth surfaces. Thus, as shown in Fig. 1, the upper portion of the conduit is formed on a curve of much greater radius than the lower portion of the conduit.

As will be noted, the shifting of the tiles B relatively to the tiles A does not affect the if desired, for retaining with greater certainty the cement interposed between said tiles; but such corrugation is not a material feature of my invention. A number of the tiles A and B may also be formed with openings in their inclosing walls for permitting access to the internal chambers of said tiles.

When opposite walls are composed of my tile, it is frequently desirable to connect the same for adding to the stability of the structure, especially before the cement has hardened. I have therefore in Fig. 1 shown securing and connecting members 0 d particularly applicable for this purpose. The securing members 0 consist of thin strips of metal passed between the contiguous end faces of the tile and having corresponding ends bifurcated and lapped upon outer surfaces of said tile and their inner ends formed with eyes. The connecting members (Z are provided at opposite ends with hooks or shoulders for entering the eyes in the securing members 0.

As will be apparent, the two sets of tiles may be cheaply manufactured and may be kept in stock and used to construct conduits of various curved cross-sectional shapes, as the members of the two sets are matched and may be adjusted about one another.

The invention will be understood upon reference to the foregoing description and accompanying drawings, and it will be obvious that more or less change may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the same.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A masonry conduit comprising two sets of tiles, the members of one set being substantially circular in cross-section, and the members of the other set being arranged alj ternately in relation to the first-named mem- 1 bers and having opposite concave surfaces each of substantially the same radius as the peripheries of the members of the first set and closely fitting any opposed arc of said peripheries for permitting the members of the second set to be adjusted about the members of the first set without the projection of the sides of the concave surfaces from the members of said first set, substantially as described.

2. A masonry structure having a curved cross-sectional formation comprising two sets of tiles the members of one set being of cylindrical shape and the members of the other set being arranged alternately in relation to the first-named members and having concave surfaces matching the peripheries of the members of the first set and designed to snugly fit the same, the members of the second set being adjustable about the members of the first set in assembling the tiles to form the complete Structure.

3. The combination of two sets of tiles for forming masonry conduits of varying curved cross-sectional shape comprising a master set of tiles, the members of which are substantially circular in cross-section and an interfitting set of tiles, the members thereof having concave sides each concavity corresponding to an arc of the periphery of each major tile and being adapted to snugly fit any corresponding arc of the periphery of the same, substantially as described.

4. A sewer of substantially ovate cross-sectional shape having a Wall of equal thickness throughout, the faces of which are substantially even or uninterrupted, said wall comprising a master set of cylindrical tiles and an interfitting set arranged in alternate relation to the master set, said interfitting set having flat faces extending tangentially from the exposed surfaces of the interposed master-tiles, the widths of the exposed surfaces of the master-tiles varying in the different parts of the complete structure.

In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto signed my name, in the presence of two attesting witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, this 9th day of March, 1901.

GEORGE G. FRYER.

Witnesses:

S. DAVIS, D. LAVINE. 

